The hospital that was part of the same complex as the Church of St. Augustine and St. Anthony Abbot on the Via Flaminia in Castelnuovo di Porto, is mentioned in a Colonna revenue report, dated 24 June 1585, which indicates the local vassals' tax paid to the Castelnuovo hospital.
It is mentioned again, in the will of Clarice Anguillara Colonna, dated 1 March 1591, which bequeathed a legacy of 500 scudi to the hospital patients. After ownership of the feud passed to the Holy See, the annual tax was paid by the Apostolic Chamber to the curate and rector of Castelnuovo in cash and other forms of payment. Until 1744, the amount paid yearly was 36 scudi and 3 measures of grain.
In 1756, Cardinal Giannantonio Guadagni commissioned decoration work for the church, remodelling it along elaborate Baroque lines. On the façade, above capitals decorated with falling caulicoles, an oval oculus and two side columns support the gable-end of the lunette. The entrance portal, flanked by composite openings, features an ornate shelf carved with a central string of pearls and holds a tympanum with two bunches of oak leaves on sinuous cornicings.
The church structure is single chambered with a cloister vault placed on a jutting cornice of entablature supported by sixteen columns with composite capitals.
An interesting 16th century fresco of The Enthroned Virgin in the centre of the left wall depicts her with her left palm raised to show the stigmata, with the Child on her lap, dressed in a light gown with a red tie at the waist, holding the little cross.
In 1958, building work was carried out to repair the vault damaged during WWII. At the same time, the wall separating the sacresty was demolished transforming it into a presbytery.