Necropolis of S.Martino delle Saliere di Monte Corazzano - Capena
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There are a few necropolis dotted around the hill of the ancient city of Capena. To the north, there is the monumental necropolis of S. Martino with many chamber tombs, while to the North-West lies the necropolis known as “delle Saliere”.
The two necropoli are very similar. The earlier burial period features many simple pit graves, of which there are many more in the Saliere necropolis. The burial rites during this period essentially envisaged interment and the graves are generally single. They provide evidence of a very uniform culture, typical of the 1st Iron Age which generally ranges between the 9th C. and the end of the 8th. C BC.
At the end of the 6th C. BC there is a clear shift towards the Etruscan culture: this has been established by the recovery of products of direct Etruscan origin such as bucchero (black glaze) vases, with very thin sides and scratched and etched geometrical decorations (small roses, fans, lines etc.), or directly imported from Greece via the Etruscan cities, such as the proto-Corinthian and Corinthian vases decorated with the typical imaginary animal motifs.
From the 5th C. onwards right to the end of the Hellenistic period (4th. C.) it would seem that the necropoli were left empty or at least many less articles have been found there from this period. The phenomenon reflects a period of crisis that affects the whole of Etruria. During the Hellenistic period however the production of bronze, ceramics and jewellery flourished once more, a clear sign of the city’s economic and cultural recovery.
The necropoli were also used during both the Roman Republican and Imperial Ages: the tombs then took on a different appearance: they were no longer graves with central chambers and perhaps small side openings, from this time on the tombs were mainly arranged around a long narrow corridor, with many chambers opening onto it.
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